그 남자네 집

출처 : http://blog.daum.net/gosoochaja/12895713

No : 글번호(Primary Key)
Title : 글제목
Grp : 같은 주제를 갖는 게시물의 고유번호. 부모글과 부모글로부터 파생된 모든 자식글은 같은 번호를 갖습니다.
Seg : 같은 그룹내 게시물의 순서
Lvl : 같은 그룹내 계층

====================================
No, Title , Grp, Seq, Lvl
====================================
1, '안녕하세요' , 1, 1, 0

====================================
No, Title , Grp, Seq, Lvl
====================================
3, '모임이 있습니다', 3, 1, 0
2, '날씨가 맑습니다', 2, 1, 0
1, '안녕하세요 ', 1, 1, 0

====================================
No, Title , Grp, Seq, Lvl
====================================
3, '모임이 있습니다', 3, 1, 0
2, '날씨가 맑습니다', 2, 1, 0
1, '안녕하세요 ', 1, 1, 0
4, ' 반가워요 ', 1, 2, 1

====================================
No, Title , Grp, Seq, Lvl
====================================
3, '모임이 있습니다', 3, 1, 0
2, '날씨가 맑습니다', 2, 1, 0
1, '안녕하세요 ', 1, 1, 0
4, ' 반가워요 ', 1, 2, 1
5, ' 감사합니다 ', 1, 3, 2

====================================
No, Title , Grp, Seq, Lvl
====================================
3, '모임이 있습니다', 3, 1, 0
2, '날씨가 맑습니다', 2, 1, 0
1, '안녕하세요 ', 1, 1, 0
6, ' 환영합니다 ', 1, 2, 1
4, ' 반가워요 ', 1, 2, 1
5, ' 감사합니다 ', 1, 3, 2

여기서, 두번째 답글이 첫번째 답글보다 먼저 표시되려면, 동일한 그룹 번호에 있으면서 부모의 Seq 번호보다 큰 게시물의 Seq 번호를 모두 1만큼 증가시킵니다.

====================================
No, Title , Grp, Seq, Lvl
====================================
3, '모임이 있습니다', 3, 1, 0
2, '날씨가 맑습니다', 2, 1, 0
1, '안녕하세요 ', 1, 1, 0
6, ' 환영합니다 ', 1, 2, 1
4, ' 반가워요 ', 1, 3, 1
5, ' 감사합니다 ', 1, 4, 2

====================================
No, Title , Grp, Seq, Lvl
====================================
3, '모임이 있습니다', 3, 1, 0
2, '날씨가 맑습니다', 2, 1, 0
1, '안녕하세요 ', 1, 1, 0
6, ' 환영합니다 ', 1, 2, 1
7, ' 감사합니다 ', 1, 3, 2
4, ' 반가워요 ', 1, 3, 1
5, ' 감사합니다 ', 1, 4, 2

====================================
No, Title , Grp, Seq, Lvl
====================================
3, '모임이 있습니다', 3, 1, 0
2, '날씨가 맑습니다', 2, 1, 0
1, '안녕하세요 ', 1, 1, 0
6, ' 환영합니다 ', 1, 2, 1
7, ' 감사합니다 ', 1, 3, 2
4, ' 반가워요 ', 1, 4, 1
5, ' 감사합니다 ', 1, 5, 2

검색 할 때는 Grp를 내림차순으로 Seq를 오름차 순으로 정렬하면 됩니다. 인덱스는 기본키와 Grp+Seq의 복합 인덱스를 설정하면 됩니다.

create table qnaboard
(no number,
title varchar2(100),
contents varchar2(4000),
writer varchar2(20),
wdate date,
grp number,
seq number,
lvl number);

create sequence qnaboard_no_seq
start with 1
increment by 1;

alter table qnaboard
add constraint qnaboard_no_pk primary key (no);

첫번째 게시물 입력 - 새 글 입력
insert into qnaboard
values(qnaboard_no_seq.nextval, '안녕하세요', null, '길동', sysdate, qnaboard_no_seq.currval, 1, 0);

두번째 게시물 입력 - 새 글 입력
insert into qnaboard
values(qnaboard_no_seq.nextval, '날씨가 맑습니다', null, '철수', sysdate, qnaboard_no_seq.currval, 1, 0);

세번째 게시물 입력 - 새 글 입력
insert into qnaboard
values(qnaboard_no_seq.nextval, '모임이 있습니다', null, '영희', sysdate, qnaboard_no_seq.currval, 1, 0);

답글이 올라오는 경우에는 답글에 부여 할 seq를 먼저 확보해줍니다.
update qnaboard
set seq=seq+1
where grp=1 and seq>1;

insert into qnaboard
values(qnaboard_no_seq.nextval, '반가워요', null, '만수', sysdate, 1, 2, 1);

다섯번째 게시물 입력 - 네번째 게시물의 답글
update qnaboard
set seq=seq+1
where grp=1 and seq>2;

insert into qnaboard
values(qnaboard_no_seq.nextval, '감사합니다', null, '길동', sysdate, 1, 3, 2);

여섯번째 게시물 입력 - 첫번째 게시물의 두번째 답글
update qnaboard
set seq=seq+1
where grp=1 and seq>1;

insert into qnaboard
values(qnaboard_no_seq.nextval, '환영합니다', null, '찬호', sysdate, 1, 2, 1);

일곱번째 게시물 입력 - 여섯번째 게시물의 답글
update qnaboard
set seq=seq+1
where grp=1 and seq>2;

insert into qnaboard
values(qnaboard_no_seq.nextval, '감사합니다', null, '길동', sysdate, 1, 3, 2);

게시판을 검색하는 경우, grp로 내림차순, seq로 오름차순으로 정렬하면 됩니다.
select case when lvl=0 then no
when lvl>0 then null end no
, rpad('+', lvl, '-')||title title
, writer
, wdate
from qnaboard
order by grp desc, seq;

NO TITLE WRITER WDATE
----- -------------------- ---------- -------------------
3 모임이 있습니다 영희 2007-09-15 19:54:00
2 날씨가 맑습니다 철수 2007-09-15 19:53:55
1 안녕하세요 길동 2007-09-15 19:53:50
+환영합니다 찬호 2007-09-15 19:54:21
+-감사합니다 길동 2007-09-15 19:54:26
+반가워요 만수 2007-09-15 19:54:08
+-감사합니다 길동 2007-09-15 19:54:15

그리고 오른편에 Catalog>Table에서 테이블을 Drag&Drop하여 정렬하면 위와 같은 화면이 되며...
왼편의 relation등을 설정하는 등의 작업을 진행한다.

컬럼을 수정하기 위하여, 테이블을 선택한 후 마우스오른쪽 단추>Edit... 를 선택하면...


위와 같은 테이블 설정 창이 아래쪽에 보이며, 아랫부분에 있는 Columns 탭을 선택하여 해당 컬럼을 수정할 수 있다.


작업을 마친 다음 다시 sql로 내보내기 위하여, File>Export>Forward Engineer SQL CREATE Script...를 선택하여,


위와 같이 넣고 생성을 하면...


sql문이 만들어 지며, 이를 MySQL 에 다시 적용하면 된다.

Remember that the client will always know more about their product or service than you do. They are the expert at what they do; their problem is usually that they don’t know how to explain it well. That is where you, as the designer, step in to help. You are a graphical communications ninja, but to effectively make your, and ultimately your client’s, point you must fully understand what needs to be said.

From the outset, make it a priority to get as much information as possible about the company, their product or service, the intended audience of your work and the reason that your work needs to exist. The better prepared you are and the more information you get out of the client before you start working, the quicker your design will be accepted, and the quicker you will get paid. Use that overflow of data from the client to form a coherent picture of what you’re trying to accomplish and then use your good judgment to make something beautiful from the madness. By spending ample time collecting information, you have allowed the client to share their knowledge and participate in the project. This is a good thing. When clients feel they are part of the process they are less likely to question the design decisions you make.

Remember that part of your due diligence is making sure that the project is a good fit for you as a designer. You cannot be everything to everyone, and if you try to be, you will not only look bad, you’ll lose money.

Remember the principle that carries the Vilfredo Pareto name: 80% of the output will come from 20% of the input. In other words, you will make 80% of your income from 20% of your clients, so focus on the good ones and fire the bad ones. Stay true to your strengths and don’t be afraid to pass on a project. In the end, everyone, including your client, will be better off.

Don’t try to take on every project that comes across your desk, even when you’re starting out. This will preclude a large percentage of your client problems. By picking your two or three biggest strengths and building a solid reputation, you will attract clients who are looking for a genius in your fields of choice and who, consequently, will be willing to pay well for the service.

The Harvard Business professor Michael Porter states you can hold a competitive advantage in one, and only one, of two areas: price or quality. Focus your efforts on your strengths, build a solid reputation and you’ll never be forced to compete on price again.

Zen philosophy teaches you to approach every task with a beginner’s mind. This is simple when you’re trying to teach yourself hyper-astro-meta-particle physics, but not as easy as you think when it comes to something you do all day, every day. Try hard to put yourself in the shoes of a beginner; you will be more apt to understand and sympathize with your client’s point of view. You will also find that by using less jargon (by assuming the language of a beginner) your client will understand and internalize your point much more quickly, which in turn helps to create an evangelist for your work in your client’s organization, which always makes your life easier.

But adopting a beginner’s mind isn’t as simple as dropping your haughty design-speak in favor of a fifth grade vocabulary. You need to approach each conversation or communication as a beginner does, with no expectations and no preconceived notions. Without the benefit of assumptions or preconceived notions, you will be forced to ask more questions and in turn draw more information out of the client; and just like that, your job will have gotten easier. Disclaimer: If all this Zen stuff is too new age for you, just remember the old adage: When you assume, you make an ass out of u and me.

Everyone fears the dreaded “Make this text bigger” line, and everyone (well, almost everyone) has probably cringed and then painfully capitulated. When faced with clients asking for design changes, especially from those clients who don’t have any design training (let alone a good eye for design), it’s important to check your design ego at the door and ask a few pointed questions. What you really need to find out is what the client actually means. Before doing anything to the design, pause for a moment and ask the client to explain what it is about the design that doesn’t accomplish the specific goals you outlined in the pre-work discovery meetings. (You did set specific goals, didn’t you!?)

By your focusing on the goals rather than the implementation, clients will understand that you are trying to use your craft for their benefit, not just to take their money. Oh, and a note about that ego you left at the door: now is not the time to go into a diatribe about your profession or your skill as a designer. No one cares; your client just wants a functional design that they can be proud of when they show it to their boss.

But don’t die by the contract. I’ve heard of many situations where clients and designers get into arguments about what was and wasn’t in the original contract. If the client comes to you with something that is obviously beyond the scope of the contract, you have a few choices:

There isn’t any one right answer here; different situations call for different actions. If you’re not going to get badly burned by going the extra mile, it will probably be worth it (so long as the client knows you’re hooking them up). That said, sometimes the new request is outrageous and would take many, many hours to implement. In those situations, it is a good idea to be open, talk it through with the client, make it known that you’d love to help but it would be too much of a time commitment (you do have other clients, after all) for the current numbers to work out.

If you approach things with an open mind, with a positive attitude (instead of a demanding one) and on an even playing field, the client will generally help you out with a bit more cash. And if they are livid at the thought of paying you more money for more work, well, they may have just singled themselves out as a client who needs to be fired.

Then do everything possible to make it right. Mistakes are okay; everyone makes them from time to time. Hopefully you’re not a habitual offender. But the general rule is: the sooner you recognize the mistake and take the heat for it, the better off you’ll be in the long run.

By letting more time pass, the mistake only grows and becomes more difficult to cover up, and the heat that was originally a small and controlled campfire is now the roaring flames of hell licking at the bottoms of your feet. Get it out of the way, clear the air and get on with it. Your client will appreciate your candor and honesty, even if he or she isn’t that happy about the problem itself.

Hopefully you’ve started to catch on here. Most of the things that can be counted as “common problems” are fairly easy to circumvent, especially if you put in your time doing your due diligence on the front end and adopt a firm but cooperative attitude in your client communications.

Remember, clients aren’t supposed to be a burden. They are a blessing (they are buying the bread on your table after all). But the relationship should always be mutually beneficial. You are getting paid to do what you, presumably, love to do, and the client is getting something beautiful and functional. Hopefully, you’re both learning a little something along the way.

출처 : http://www.smashingmagazine.com/2008/10/09/strategies-for-successful-client-relations/